GenAge entry for INSR (Homo sapiens)

Gene name (HAGRID: 42)

HGNC symbol: INSR
Aliases: CD220
Common name: insulin receptor

Potential relevance to the human ageing process

Main reason for selection: Entry selected based on evidence directly linking the gene product to ageing in a non-mammalian animal model
Description: INSR binds insulin (INS) and regulates energy metabolism [1108]. Evidence from model organisms, including results from fruit flies [187] and roundworms [539], relates INSR homologues to ageing, most likely as part of the GH1/IGF1 axis. In mice, disruption of INSR in adipose tissue extends longevity but does not appear to delay ageing [178]. In flies, the two most common alleles (InRlong and InRshort) are associated with predictable differences in levels of insulin signaling, fecundity, development time, body size, and stress tolerance (temperature and starvation) [3657]. Flies carrying the InRshort and InRlong alleles generally showed little difference in rates of aging, with InRshort males displaying a reduced mortality late in life. Heterozygotes in both sexes live significantly longer than homozygote genotypes [3657]. Mutations in the human INSR gene have been associated with insulin resistance [1661]. INSR could play a role in some human age-related pathologies, but it is not known whether it is a major player in human ageing.

Cytogenetic information

Cytogenetic band: 19p13
Location: 7,112,255 bp to 7,294,000 bp
Orientation: Minus strand

Display region using the UCSC Genome Browser (GRCh38/hg38)

Protein information

Gene Ontology

Process:

GO:0000187; activation of MAPK activity
GO:0001934; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO:0003007; heart morphogenesis
GO:0005975; carbohydrate metabolic process
GO:0006355; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0007186; G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0008284; positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0008286; insulin receptor signaling pathway
GO:0008544; epidermis development
GO:0008584; male gonad development
GO:0018108; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation

And 29 more GO terms

Cellular component:

GO:0005886; plasma membrane
GO:0005887; integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0005899; insulin receptor complex
GO:0005901; caveola
GO:0010008; endosome membrane
GO:0016020; membrane
GO:0043231; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
GO:0043235; receptor complex
GO:0070062; extracellular exosome

Function:

GO:0004713; protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0004716; signal transducer, downstream of receptor, with protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0005009; insulin-activated receptor activity
GO:0005159; insulin-like growth factor receptor binding
GO:0005515; protein binding
GO:0005524; ATP binding
GO:0005525; GTP binding
GO:0031994; insulin-like growth factor I binding
GO:0031995; insulin-like growth factor II binding
GO:0043548; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding
GO:0043559; insulin binding

And 3 more GO terms

Show all GO terms

Protein interactions and network

Protein-protein interacting partners in GenAge: SHC1, PTPN11, STAT5B, STAT5A, IRS1, PTPN1, IRS2, HRAS, PRKCD, GRB2, MAPK3, JAK2, SQSTM1
STRING interaction network

Retrieve sequences for INSR

ORF: ORF
CDS: CDS

Homologs in model organisms

Caenorhabditis elegans: daf-2
Danio rerio: insra
Danio rerio: insrb
Drosophila melanogaster: InR
Mus musculus: Insr
Rattus norvegicus: Insr

In other databases

GenAge model organism genes

A homolog of this gene for Caenorhabditis elegans is present as daf-2
A homolog of this gene for Drosophila melanogaster is present as InR
A homolog of this gene for Mus musculus is present as Insr

GenDR gene manipulations

A homolog of this gene for Drosophila melanogaster is present as InR
A homolog of this gene for Caenorhabditis elegans is present as daf-2

LongevityMap

This gene is present as INSR