AnAge entry for Cygnus olor

Classification (HAGRID: 00340)

Taxonomy: Kingdom: Animalia
    Phylum: Chordata
        Class: Aves (Taxon entry)
            Order: Anseriformes
                Family: Anatidae
                    Genus: Cygnus
Species: Cygnus olor
Common name: Mute swan
Synonyms: Anas olor

IMR: 0.1/year
MRDT: Not yet available
Maximum longevity: 40 years (wild)
Source: ref. 1304
Sample size: Large
Data quality: Acceptable
Observations: In the wild, these animals can live at least up to 26.8 years [0445] with one ringed animal found dead in Denmark in 2008 estimated to be 40 years-old [1304]. There are also anecdotal reports of animals living up to 70 years in captivity [0444]. IMR in the wild is probably less than 0.1. Breeding performance tends to decline after about age 12 [0761].

No information on metabolism is available.

[1150] Jones et al. (2014), Diversity of ageing across the tree of life (PubMed)
[1143] Nussey et al. (2013), Senescence in natural populations of animals: widespread evidence and its implications for bio-gerontology (PubMed)
[0761] McCleery et al. (2008), Age-specific reproduction in a long-lived species: the combined effects of senescence and individual quality (PubMed)
[0729] Moller (2006), Sociality, age at first reproduction and senescence: comparative analyses of birds (PubMed)
[0712] Charmantier et al. (2006), Quantitative genetics of age at reproduction in wild swans: Support for antagonistic pleiotropy models of senescence (PubMed)
[0061] Monaghan and Metcalfe (2000), Genome size and longevity (PubMed)
[0732] Starck and Ricklefs (1998), Avian growth rate data set
[0444] John Terres (1980), The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds
[0445] The Birds of North America Online
[1304] Worlds Oldest Swan Found Dead In Denmark