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AnAge entry for Macaca mulatta


Classification (HAGRID: 03068)
TaxonomyKingdom: Animalia
    Phylum: Chordata
        Class: Mammalia (Taxon entry)
            Order: Primates (Taxon entry)
                Family: Cercopithecidae
                    Genus: Macaca
SpeciesMacaca mulatta
Common nameRhesus monkey

Lifespan, ageing, and relevant traits

IMR0.02/year
MRDT15 years
Maximum longevity40 years (captivity)
SourceGeorge Roth, pers. comm.
Sample sizelarge
Data qualityhigh
Observations

Despite a higher MRDT [0058], rhesus macaques appear to age significantly faster than humans from a physiological perspective [0002]. The females of this species reach menopause at the age of 25 years [0434]. Maximum longevity is 40 years [0601]. It is possible that one animal under caloric restriction for part of its life lived for slightly longer than 40 years but this record is unverified (George Roth, pers. comm.).

Life history traits (averages)

Female sexual maturity1,231 days
Male sexual maturity2,007 days
Gestation165 days
Weaning292 days
Litter size1 (viviparous)
Litters per year1
Inter-litter interval444 days
Weight at birth464 g
Weight at weaning1,454 g
Adult weight8,235 g
Postnatal growth rate0.0012 days-1 (from Gompertz function)
Maximum longevity residual206 %

Metabolism

No information on metabolism available.

References

[0727] Downs et al. (2007), Orexin neuronal changes in the locus coeruleus of the aging rhesus macaque, PubMed
[0517] Colman et al. (2005), Muscle mass loss in Rhesus monkeys: Age of onset, PubMed
[0465] Corr (2004), Nuns and monkeys: investigating the behavior of our oldest old, PubMed
[0464] Roth et al. (2004), Aging in rhesus monkeys: relevance to human health interventions, PubMed
[0149] Goncharova and Lapin (2004), Age-related endocrine dysfunction in nonhuman primates, PubMed
[0174] Small et al. (2004), Imaging correlates of brain function in monkeys and rats isolates a hippocampal subregion differentially vulnerable to aging, PubMed
[0328] Hinman et al. (2004), Activation of calpain-1 in myelin and microglia in the white matter of the aged rhesus monkey, PubMed
[0329] Luebke et al. (2004), Normal aging results in decreased synaptic excitation and increased synaptic inhibition of layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in the monkey prefrontal cortex, PubMed
[0330] Zhang et al. (2004), Age-related alterations in cytochrome c-mediated caspase activation in rhesus macaque monkey (Macaca mulatta) brains, PubMed
[0331] Fukumoto et al. (2004), Beta-secretase activity increases with aging in human, monkey, and mouse brain, PubMed
[0152] Muehlenbein et al. (2003), Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate as a biomarker of senescence in male non-human primates, PubMed
[0601] Bodkin et al. (2003), Mortality and morbidity in laboratory-maintained Rhesus monkeys and effects of long-term dietary restriction, PubMed
[0095] Shimizu et al. (2003), In vitro aging of macaque adherent cells: similar pattern of cellular aging between human and macaque, PubMed
[0610] Ernest (2003), Life history characteristics of placental non-volant mammals
[0681] Peter Kappeler and Michael Pereira (2003), Primate Life Histories and Socioecology
[0332] Fowler et al. (2002), Effects of caloric restriction and aging on the auditory function of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta): The University of Wisconsin Study, PubMed
[0157] Goncharova and Lapin (2002), Effects of aging on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system function in non-human primates, PubMed
[0467] Lindenfors (2002), Sexually antagonistic selection on primate size
[0333] Roth et al. (2001), Dietary caloric restriction prevents the age-related decline in plasma melatonin levels of rhesus monkeys, PubMed
[0334] Kayo et al. (2001), Influences of aging and caloric restriction on the transcriptional profile of skeletal muscle from rhesus monkeys, PubMed
[0430] Moscrip et al. (2000), Locomotor activity in female rhesus monkeys: assessment of age and calorie restriction effects, PubMed
[0335] Colman et al. (1999), Skeletal effects of aging in male rhesus monkeys, PubMed
[0434] Ronald Nowak (1999), Walker's Mammals of the World
[0463] Austad (1997), Small nonhuman primates as potential models of human aging, PubMed
[0235] Gearing et al. (1996), A beta40 is a major form of beta-amyloid in nonhuman primates, PubMed
[0336] Lane et al. (1996), Calorie restriction lowers body temperature in rhesus monkeys, consistent with a postulated anti-aging mechanism in rodents, PubMed
[0455] Virginia Hayssen et al. (1993), Asdell's Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction: A Compendium of Species-Specific Data
[0713] Martin et al. (1991), Amyloid precursor protein in aged nonhuman primates, PubMed
[0390] Ingram et al. (1990), Dietary restriction and aging: the initiation of a primate study, PubMed
[0058] Finch et al. (1990), Slow mortality rate accelerations during aging in some animals approximate that of humans, PubMed
[0002] Caleb Finch (1990), Longevity, Senescence, and the Genome
[0075] Selkoe et al. (1987), Conservation of brain amyloid proteins in aged mammals and humans with Alzheimer's disease, PubMed
[0680] Wootton (1987), The effects of body mass, phylogeny, habitat, and trophic level on mammalian age at first reproduction
[0679] Harvey and Clutton-Brock (1985), Life-history variation in primates
[0731] Zullinger et al. (1984), Fitting sigmoid equations to mammalian growth curves
[0391] Bito et al. (1982), Age-dependent loss of accommodative amplitude in rhesus monkeys: an animal model for presbyopia, PubMed
[0059] Tolmasoff et al. (1980), Superoxide dismutase: correlation with life-span and specific metabolic rate in primate species, PubMed

External resources

Integrated Taxonomic Information SystemITIS 180099
Animal Diversity WebADW account
Encyclopedia of LifeSearch EOL
Genome ProjectSearch NCBI
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